Basic textile terms - JSS3 Home economics Lesson Note

1. Fiber

2. Yarn

3. Fabric

4. The wrap

5. The weft

6. The selvedge

7. Grain

8. Right side

9. The wrong side

 

1. Fiber: This is a hair-like basic unit of raw material used in making of yarns and fabrics, e.g cotton, silk, wool, nylon, fibers.
2. Yarn: This is a thread made by twisting or spinning fibers.
3. Fabric: This is cloth constructed with yarn or directly from fibers by weaving, knitting, crocheting and felting. A woven fabric is made up of two sets of yarn or thread the warp and weft.
4. The wrap: This is the yarn or thread which runs length-wise in a woven fabric. It is parallel to the selvedge.
5. The weft: This is the yarn that runs cross-wise in a fabric. It runs at right angles across the selvedge grain. 
6. The selvedge: This is the edge of the fabric made by the weft thread or yarn by turning over the wrap thread. It is the mill-finish edge of a fabric which runs in a length-wise direction.
7. Blasé: This is the diagonal direction across the two grain lines, warp and weft.
8. The right side of the fabric the side to be worn out. It has better finish and more distinct print than the other side.