Structure: Review of Adjectives - JSS3 English language Lesson Note

Structure: Review of Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns, providing more information about their qualities, quantities, or states. Understanding adjectives and their correct usage is essential for crafting descriptive and engaging compositions.

Types of Adjectives

1. Descriptive Adjectives: Describe the quality or kind of a noun.

   - Example: "The beautiful garden was full of colorful flowers."

2. Quantitative Adjectives: Indicate the quantity of a noun.

   - Example: "She has three dogs."

3. Demonstrative Adjectives: Point out specific nouns.

   - Example: "I want that book."

4. Possessive Adjectives: Show ownership.

   - Example: "This is my car."

5. Interrogative Adjectives:  Used in questions.

   - Example: "Which dress do you like?"

6. Distributive Adjectives: Refer to individual nouns within a group.

   - Example: "Each student must submit their work."

7. Numeral Adjectives: Indicate number or order.

   Example: "She was the first person to arrive."

Position of Adjectives

Before the Noun: Adjectives usually come before the noun they modify.

Example: "She wore a red dress."

After the Verb: Adjectives can also come after a linking verb (is, seem, become).

Example: "The sky looks blue."

Degrees of Comparison

Adjectives can change form to show comparison between two or more nouns or pronouns. There are three degrees of comparison:

1. Positive Degree: Describes a single noun.

   - Example: "He is tall."

2. Comparative Degree: Compare two nouns.

   - Example: "He is taller than his brother."

3. Superlative Degree: Compare more than two nouns.

   - Example: "He is the tallest in his class."

Formation of Comparative and Superlative Degrees

Short Adjectives: Add -er for the comparative and -est for the superlative.

 Example: "Tall, taller, tallest."

Adjectives Ending in -y: Change -y to -i and add -er or -est.

  - Example: "Happy, happier, happiest."

Long Adjectives: Use "more" for the comparative and "most" for the superlative.

  - Example: "Beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful."

Irregular Adjectives: Some adjectives have irregular forms.

  - Example: "Good, better, best."

Examples in Sentences

Descriptive: "The *ancient* castle stood on the *steep* hill."

Quantitative: "She has *several* friends in the city."

Demonstrative: "Do you prefer *this* option or *that* one?"

Possessive: "This is *her* notebook."

Interrogative: "What movie do you want to watch?"

Distributive: "Every student must participate."

Numeral: "She was the *second* person to finish the race."