2021 - JAMB Chemistry Past Questions and Answers - page 4

Redox is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, likewise, reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state. More

Redox is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, likewise, reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state. More

An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula.

Metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and modifying the metals for use. It is also defined as a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behaviour of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are known as alloys. More.

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons are generally colourless and hydrophobic, and their odours are usually weak or exemplified by the odours of gasoline and lighter fluid. Wikipedia

Natural sources of hydrocarbon are coal, natural gas and petroleum.

• Monosaccharides Form a black residue of carbon when dehydrated
• they have a sweet taste
• they are reducing sugars.
• pure monosaccharides are water-soluble, white, crystalline solids

The troposphere is the first and lowest layer of the atmosphere of the Earth, and contains 75% of the total mass of the planetary atmosphere, 99% of the total mass of water vapour and aerosols, and is where most weather phenomena occur. More

The gaseous and particulate pollutants in the troposphere include:

Gaseous Pollutants: The oxides of nitrogen and sulphur, ozone, hydrocarbons, and several other oxidants in this category.

Particulate Matter: viable particulates such as microorganisms like fungi and bacteria, non-viable particulate matter such as smoke.

The ionization enthalpy of an element is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its gaseous state.

The actinide or actinoid series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium. The actinide series derives its name from the first element in the series, actinium. More

Salt hydrolysis is a reaction in which one of the ions from a salt reacts with water, forming either an acidic or basic solution.