2018 - JAMB Economics Past Questions and Answers - page 9

The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) is a body charged with the development and management of Nigeria’s Petroleum resources. It was established in 1977 and was assigned the responsibility of exploration, production and refining of petroleum, as well as distribution and foreign marketing of crude oil and petroleum products.

Occupational distribution of population refers to the classification of the working population into different types of work they engage in. The occupational distribution in any population is influenced by factors which includes: The level of education, Availability of natural resources, The level of technology, The type of production activities.

Professor Lionel C. Robbins defined economics as the science which studies human behavior as a relation to ends and scarce means which have alternative uses.
In this definition, the “ends” in the definition refers to human wants, desire or needs. Human wants are numerous or many relative to available resources required to satisfy them.

Total population = 180,000,000

  Total land area = 923,768 sq km

  Population density = (Total population) / (Land area)

  =180,000,000/923,768

  =194.85

  =195 persons per sq km

Factors that affect the size of Labour Force include the following: Size of population of a country, official school leaving age, retirement age, pursuit of higher education, age, structure of population, role of women in the society, number of working hours and working days, the number of disabled, the number of people willing to work, migration.

Localization of industries refers to the concentration of firms or industries producing similar product in one area. As major firms concentrate in one area, other subsidiary firms that assist the major firms in the production of goods usually emerge.

Place utility involves the changing of location of a commodity from one geographical area where it has little utility to another area where its utility is higher. For example, cattle are mainly reared in the North where it has little utility but transported to the South where it has higher utility.

For a group data we us cumulative frequency: Median=[(N+1)/2]th

  For member of odd number items. That is, where N is odd

  Median=([N/2]th + [N/2 + 1]th)/2

  For member of odd number items. That is, where N is odd

  Solution:

  From the table, there are 20 members as indicated by the cumulative frequency. Since the members are odd (10) the median age will be ([N/2]th + [N/2 + 1]th)/2

  Median=([10/2]th + [10/2 + 1]th)/2

  =(5th + 6th)/2

  The 5th member is 3 and the 6th member is on 3

  Median=(3 + 3)/2

  =6/2

  Median = 3