Environmental pollution - JSS1 Basic science Past Questions and Answers - page 3

Land pollution poses various risks to human health, including exposure to toxic substances, contamination of food and water supplies, and increased susceptibility to diseases. It can also lead to skin irritations, respiratory issues, and other health problems.

To prevent and mitigate land pollution, measures such as proper waste management, recycling, composting, and the use of environmentally friendly products can be adopted. Additionally, implementing strict regulations on industrial activities, mining operations, and landfills can help reduce pollution levels.

Water pollution is primarily caused by various human activities, including industrial waste discharge, sewage disposal, agricultural runoff (containing pesticides and fertilizers), oil spills, and improper waste disposal practices.

Water pollution can have devastating effects on aquatic ecosystems by contaminating water bodies, killing aquatic plants and animals, disrupting food chains, and degrading habitat quality. It can lead to reduced biodiversity, fish kills, algal blooms, and the destruction of coral reefs and wetlands.