Electrical energy - JSS3 Basic science Past Questions and Answers - page 2

Electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a voltage source, driven by an electric field created by the voltage source.

In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end, providing only one path for current to flow. In contrast, in a parallel circuit, components are connected in multiple branches, offering multiple paths for current flow.

If one component fails in a series circuit, the circuit is broken, and no current can flow through any of the components.

If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the remaining components can continue to operate normally because each component has its own separate path for current flow.

Total resistance in a series circuit is calculated by adding the individual resistances of all components. This is because the current has to pass through each component consecutively, increasing the overall resistance.

The total resistance in a parallel circuit is less than the smallest individual resistance. This is because adding more paths for current to flow decreases the overall resistance, making it easier for current to pass through the circuit.