Electrical energy - JSS3 Basic science Past Questions and Answers - page 2
How do electrons flow in a circuit, and what drives their movement?
Electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a voltage source, driven by an electric field created by the voltage source.
Describe the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit.
In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end, providing only one path for current to flow. In contrast, in a parallel circuit, components are connected in multiple branches, offering multiple paths for current flow.
What happens if one component fails in a series circuit, and how does it affect the flow of current?
If one component fails in a series circuit, the circuit is broken, and no current can flow through any of the components.
Explain what happens if one component fails in a parallel circuit.
If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the remaining components can continue to operate normally because each component has its own separate path for current flow.
How is total resistance calculated in a series circuit, and why?
Total resistance in a series circuit is calculated by adding the individual resistances of all components. This is because the current has to pass through each component consecutively, increasing the overall resistance.
How does the total resistance in a parallel circuit compare to the individual resistances of its components, and why?
The total resistance in a parallel circuit is less than the smallest individual resistance. This is because adding more paths for current to flow decreases the overall resistance, making it easier for current to pass through the circuit.