Digestive System - SS2 Biology Past Questions and Answers - page 2
Which organism has a digestive system that lacks specialized structures?
Flatworms
Earthworms
Cockroaches
Which organism has a long, coiled intestine for absorption of nutrients?
Flatworms
Earthworms
Cockroaches
Which organism has a digestive system adapted for consuming a wide range of organic material?
Flatworms
Earthworms
Cockroaches
Which organism has a cloaca, a common opening for excretion and reproduction?
Flatworms
Earthworms
Bird
Which organism has digestive enzymes secreted into the intestine for chemical breakdown of food?
Flatworms
Earthworms
Cockroaches
Discuss the structural and functional adaptations of the digestive system in flatworms. How do they obtain and process nutrients?
Flatworms have a blind sac digestive system, where the mouth serves as both an intake and an excretory organ. They rely on extracellular digestion, secreting enzymes into the surrounding environment to break down food. Nutrients are absorbed through the body wall.
Compare and contrast the digestive systems of earthworms and cockroaches. How do these organisms process food differently?
Earthworms have a complete digestive system with a mouth and anus. They have a specialized structure called the typhlosole to increase the surface area for absorption. Cockroaches, on the other hand, have a chewing mechanism to break down food and a crop and gizzard for digestion.
Explore the unique adaptations of the avian digestive system. How do birds process and extract nutrients from their food?
Birds have a complex digestive system, including a proventriculus and gizzard. They have a muscular stomach that mechanically breaks down food, and a gizzard with small stones to aid in grinding. Birds also have a specialized organ called the cloaca, which functions in excretion and reproduction.
Discuss the role of the malpighian tubules in the digestive system of cockroaches. How do they contribute to waste excretion and water balance?
Cockroaches have malpighian tubules, which are responsible for excreting waste products and regulating water balance. These tubules actively transport nitrogenous waste and other metabolic byproducts from the hemolymph into the gut, where they are eliminated along with feces.
Cockroaches have malpighian tubules, which are responsible for excreting waste products and regulating water balance. These tubules actively transport nitrogenous waste and other metabolic byproducts from the hemolymph into the gut, where they are eliminated along with feces.
Both humans and birds have complete digestive systems with specialized organs for digestion. However, humans have a longer small intestine for efficient nutrient absorption, while birds have a shorter intestine adapted for rapid digestion of a primarily carnivorous or omnivorous diet. Additionally, birds have a specialized beak and crop for food intake and storage, whereas humans have teeth and a salivary gland to initiate the breakdown of food.