Reproduction In Vertebrates - SS2 Biology Past Questions and Answers - page 2
Which male gamete is produced by the male reproductive system in mammals?
Sperm
Ova
Zygote
Which female gamete is produced by the female reproductive system in mammals?
Sperm
Ova
Zygote
Which male reproductive structure in mammals secretes fluid to nourish and transport sperm cells?
Testes
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Which female reproductive structure in mammals serves as a passage for sperm to reach the eggs and as the birth canal?
Ovaries
Cervix
Fallopian tubes
Discuss the reproductive strategies in fishes. How do different fish species ensure successful reproduction, and what are the advantages of external fertilization?
Fishes employ various reproductive strategies, including external fertilization, internal fertilization, oviparity, and viviparity. External fertilization in fishes involves the release of eggs and sperm into the water, allowing fertilization to occur externally. This strategy ensures a higher chance of successful fertilization due to the large number of gametes released. It also allows for genetic diversity and enables offspring to disperse widely.
Describe the reproductive system of reptiles. How do reptiles reproduce, and what are the unique adaptations they
Reptiles exhibit various reproductive modes, including oviparity, ovoviviparity, and viviparity. Reptiles have internal fertilization, and most species lay shelled eggs. Some reptiles exhibit temperature-dependent sex determination, where the temperature during incubation determines the sex of the offspring. Additionally, reptiles have specialized structures, such as cloacae, for copulation and the deposition of eggs.
Explore the reproductive mechanisms in birds. How do birds reproduce, and what are the notable adaptations in their reproductive systems?
Birds reproduce through internal fertilization. Male birds transfer sperm to the female through a specialized opening called the cloaca during a behavior known as a cloacal kiss. Female birds have a unique reproductive tract with a single functional ovary and oviduct. They lay hard-shelled eggs and exhibit various mating systems and courtship behaviors.
Discuss the male reproductive system in mammals. What are the main structures and functions of the male reproductive system, and how do they contribute to reproduction?
The male reproductive system in mammals includes the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and penis. The testes produce sperm cells, which mature in the epididymis and are transported through the vas deferens during ejaculation. The seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. The penis serves as the organ for copulation and sperm delivery.
Describe the female reproductive system in mammals. What are the key components and functions of the female reproductive system, and how do they support reproduction?
The female reproductive system in mammals consists of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina. The ovaries produce ova (eggs), which are released into the fallopian tubes. Fertilization of the egg typically occurs in the fallopian tubes. If fertilization occurs, the resulting embryo implants in the uterus, where it develops into a fetus. The cervix serves as the entrance to the uterus, and the vagina functions as the birth canal and copulatory organ.
Explore the process of male gamete production. How are sperm cells produced in males, and what are the key stages involved in spermatogenesis?
Sperm cells are produced in the testes through a process called spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis involves the continuous production and maturation of sperm cells through several stages, including mitotic division, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. Spermatogonia undergo mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes, which then undergo meiosis I and meiosis II to generate haploid spermatids. These spermatids further mature into sperm cells through spermiogenesis, where they develop flagella and acrosomes for motility and fertilization.