Question on: SS1 Chemistry - Acids, Bases, and Salts
Define acids and bases and explain their fundamental properties. Provide examples of common acids and bases.
Acids and bases are two types of compounds that exhibit distinct chemical and physical properties.
Acids:
Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They are characterised by their sour taste, ability to turn blue litmus paper red, and their corrosive nature. Acids have a pH less than 7. Common examples of acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
Bases:
Bases, also known as alkaline substances, are compounds that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. They have a bitter taste, a slippery or soapy feel, and turn red litmus paper blue. Bases have a pH greater than 7. Examples of bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and ammonia (NH3).
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