Discuss the properties and reactivity of the hy... - SS1 Chemistry Organic Chemistry Question

The hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is characterised by the presence of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom. It imparts several important properties to organic compounds. The hydroxyl group is polar, making compounds containing it capable of forming hydrogen bonds with other molecules or functional groups. This leads to higher boiling points, solubility in water, and increased intermolecular forces. The presence of a hydroxyl group also renders compounds capable of acidic or basic behaviour, depending on the surrounding functional groups. Additionally, the hydroxyl group can participate in various chemical reactions, such as dehydration to form ethers, esterification to form esters, and oxidation to form aldehydes or carboxylic acids.