Explain the concept of database normalization - SS3 ICT Database II Question

Database normalization is a process in database design that involves organizing data in a way that reduces redundancy and data anomalies (such as update anomalies, insert anomalies, and delete anomalies). The main goal is to structure the database schema to minimize data duplication and ensure data integrity. This is achieved by dividing tables into smaller, related tables and establishing relationships between them using primary keys and foreign keys. The normalization process is typically divided into several normal forms, such as First Normal Form (1NF), Second Normal Form (2NF), and so on, with each level addressing specific types of data redundancy and dependency issues.