Explain the concept of electrochemical cells an... - SS2 Chemistry Electrochemistry Question

Electrochemical cells are devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions. They consist of two half-cells: an oxidation half-cell and a reduction half-cell, connected by a conductive pathway. Each half-cell contains an electrode immersed in an electrolyte solution.

In the oxidation half-cell, oxidation occurs as a species loses electrons and forms cations. The electrode in this half-cell is called the anode. The anode releases electrons into the external circuit, allowing the oxidation reaction to proceed.

In the reduction half-cell, reduction occurs as a species gains electrons and forms anions. The electrode in this half-cell is called the cathode. The cathode attracts electrons from the external circuit to facilitate the reduction reaction.

The oxidation and reduction reactions in the respective half-cells are connected by the flow of electrons through the external circuit. Electrons released from the anode travel through the external circuit to the cathode. This electron flow creates an electrical current that can be utilised for various applications.

Meanwhile, in the electrolyte solutions, ions flow to balance the charge as the oxidation and reduction reactions occur. The anions migrate towards the anode, and the cations migrate towards the cathode. This movement of ions within the electrolyte maintains charge neutrality.