Climatic and Soil Requirements - SS1 Agriculture Lesson Note

Cotton is sensitive to both climatic and soil conditions. Here are the key factors to consider:

• Temperature: Cotton thrives in warm to hot temperatures. It requires a growing season with daytime temperatures ranging from 75°F to 85°F (24°C to 30°C) and night temperatures above 60°F (15°C). Frost can be detrimental to cotton plants.

 

• Rainfall: Adequate rainfall or irrigation is crucial for cotton cultivation. Cotton typically requires between 20 to 40 inches (50 to 100 cm) of water throughout the growing season. Rain should be well-distributed and avoid excessive moisture during the harvest period, as this can affect fiber quality.

 

• Sunlight: Cotton is a sun-loving plant and requires full sun exposure for most of the day.

 

• Soil: Cotton prefers well-draining, loamy soils with a pH level between 5.8 and 6.5. Good soil structure is important for root development and water absorption. Soil should be free from compaction, as this can hinder root growth.

 

• Fertilization: Soil nutrient content should be balanced, with adequate levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Additional micronutrients may be required based on soil testing.

 

• Pest and Disease Management: Cotton is susceptible to various pests and diseases, so proper monitoring and management strategies are essential.

 

• Crop Rotation: To prevent soil depletion and disease buildup, it's advisable to rotate cotton crops with other non-host crops.

 

In summary, successful cotton husbandry involves careful selection of seeds, appropriate propagation methods, and strict attention to climatic and soil conditions. Adhering to these guidelines can help maximize cotton yield and fiber quality.