Definition and processes of wind erosion - SS1 Geography Lesson Note

Wind erosion is a natural process where the Earth's surface is gradually worn away by the action of wind carrying and moving particles of sand, silt, and dust. It can be broken down into three primary processes: abrasion, attrition, and deflation.

 

Abrasion:

This is the most common form of wind erosion. Abrasion occurs when wind-blown particles, such as sand and pebbles, strike against the Earth's surface and the exposed rocks, causing physical weathering. Over time, this constant bombardment by wind-blown particles can smooth and shape rocks and surfaces, similar to how sandpaper smooths wood.

 

Attrition:

Attrition is the process of particles carried by the wind colliding with each other. As these particles bump into one another, they may break apart or become smaller and smoother. The repeated collisions cause the particles to lose their rough edges and become more rounded. This process can transform larger particles into smaller ones, making them easier for the wind to transport.

 

Deflation:

Deflation is the removal of loose, fine-grained materials like sand, silt, and clay from the Earth's surface. Wind can pick up these fine particles and transport them over long distances. Over time, this process can lead to the removal of topsoil, which can have detrimental effects on soil quality and vegetation. As wind continues to remove these materials, it can create depressions or hollows in the landscape, which are sometimes referred to as blowouts.