Explanation of Phenomena using Kinetic Theory - JSS2 Basic science Lesson Note

The kinetic theory explains how particles in matter behave. Imagine tiny particles (atoms or molecules) in constant, random motion. When we heat a substance, these particles gain kinetic energy, causing them to move faster. This explains why substances expand when heated—they're particles moving more vigorously. Similarly, cooling a substance reduces the kinetic energy, causing particles to slow down and the substance to contract. Also, pressure in a gas arises because particles collide with the walls of their container, exerting force. So, the kinetic theory helps us understand various properties of matter, like expansion, contraction, and pressure.