Food Substances - SS1 Biology Lesson Note

Food substances are the various components that make up the food we consume. These substances provide the nutrients and energy needed for our bodies to function properly. Here are some of the main food substances:

1.     Carbohydrates: These are the primary source of energy for the body. Common sources include grains (rice, wheat, oats), fruits, vegetables, and legumes.

2.     Proteins: They are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Good sources of protein include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, beans, and lentils.

3.     Fats: Fats provide energy and help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Sources of healthy fats include nuts, seeds, avocados, olive oil, and fatty fish like salmon.

4.     Vitamins: These are essential for various bodily functions and are obtained from a variety of foods. Examples include vitamin C from citrus fruits, vitamin A from carrots and sweet potatoes, and vitamin D from sunlight and fortified foods.

5.     Minerals: They are necessary for maintaining proper body functions and are found in foods like fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and meats. Examples include calcium, iron, potassium, and zinc.

6.     Fiber: Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that is not digested by the body. It helps in maintaining a healthy digestive system and can be found in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.

7.     Water: Although not a nutrient, water is vital for hydration, nutrient absorption, and overall bodily functions. It is present in various foods and beverages and should be consumed in adequate amounts.