Function of ALU and CU - SS2 ICT Lesson Note

The Function of ALU and Control Unit are discussed below:

ALU Function:

The ALU performs mathematical and logical operations on data. It receives input data from registers (temporary storage within the CPU), processes the data according to the instruction received from the control unit, and produces output that's sent back to registers or memory. For instance, when you execute a program that involves calculations, the ALU performs those calculations step by step.

Control Unit Function:

The Control Unit is responsible for executing instructions in the correct sequence. It fetches the next instruction from memory, decodes it to understand what operation needs to be performed, and then coordinates the data movement and operations within the CPU. It generates control signals that synchronize the actions of various components, including the ALU, memory, and input/output devices. The control unit essentially ensures that the computer follows the program's instructions and maintains proper flow of data and operations.

In summary, the CPU is composed of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and the Control Unit, working in tandem to execute instructions, perform calculations, and manage the flow of data within a computer system. The ALU handles arithmetic and logical operations, while the Control Unit manages instruction sequencing and data movement, making the CPU the core component responsible for a computer's processing capabilities.