Function of Each Register and Main Memory - SS2 ICT Lesson Note

Registers, such as the accumulator, MAR, MBR, PC, IR, and index registers, play crucial roles in data processing and conversion. These registers, along with the main memory, work together to execute instructions, store data, and facilitate efficient computing operations.

• Accumulator Register: It stores intermediate arithmetic and logical results, facilitating complex calculations.
• Memory Address Register (MAR): MAR holds the memory address of data to be read from or written to the main memory.
• Memory Buffer Register (MBR): MBR temporarily stores data during memory transfers, helping to bridge the speed gap between the CPU and main memory.
• Program Counter (PC): PC keeps track of the next instruction's memory address, ensuring the correct sequence of execution.
• Instruction Register (IR): IR holds the current instruction, aiding in decoding and executing instructions step by step.
• Index Register: Index registers speed up array or table access by providing offsets for memory addresses.
• Main Memory: Main memory (RAM) stores program instructions and data that are actively being used by the CPU. It holds both the program and data required for execution.

In summary, computer data conversion is essential for enabling communication between human-friendly formats and the binary-based world of computers.