Mobile Phone System (GSM) - SS1 ICT Lesson Note

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is a digital mobile communication system that has become the standard for mobile communications globally. It uses a combination of circuit-switching and packet-switching techniques. GSM was first introduced in the 1980s and has since evolved through various generations like 2G, 3G, 4G, and now 5G.

Key features of GSM include:

• Digital Signal Transmission: Unlike analog systems, GSM digitizes voice data, allowing for better quality and more efficient use of the spectrum.
• Cellular Architecture: GSM divides geographical areas into cells, each served by a base station. This cellular structure enables efficient frequency reuse and better coverage.

Source:(spiceworks.com)

• SIM Cards: Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on the network, making it easy to switch phones while keeping the same number.
• Roaming: GSM enables subscribers to use their phones while traveling to different regions or countries, thanks to international standards.