Difference Between Living And Non-living Things - SS1 Biology Lesson Note

The distinction between living and non-living things is based on certain characteristics and behaviors exhibited by living organisms. Here are some key differences:

1. Organization and Structure: Living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life. They have complex organization and contain specialized structures, such as organelles within cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Non-living things do not have cells or exhibit this level of organization.

2. Metabolism: Living organisms possess metabolism, which refers to the chemical processes that occur within their cells to obtain energy, grow, and maintain their internal environment. They can convert nutrients into usable forms of energy and carry out essential life processes. Non-living things do not have a metabolism.

3. Growth and Development: Living organisms can grow and develop over time. They can increase in size, undergo physical changes, and develop new structures or functions as they mature. Non-living things do not grow or develop in the same way.

4. Reproduction: Living organisms can reproduce, giving rise to offspring. They can pass on their genetic information to the next generation, ensuring the continuity of their species. Non-living things do not reproduce.

5. Response to Stimuli: Living organisms can respond to changes in their environment through various mechanisms. They can detect and react to stimuli, such as light, temperature, or touch. Non-living things do not exhibit this responsiveness.

6. Homeostasis: Living organisms can maintain a stable internal environment, known as homeostasis. They have regulatory mechanisms that allow them to adapt to changes in their surroundings and maintain conditions necessary for their survival. Non-living things do not possess homeostasis.

7. Evolution: Living organisms are subject to the process of evolution, which involves genetic changes and adaptations over successive generations. They can evolve and diversify over time in response to environmental pressures. Non-living things do not undergo evolutionary changes.

While living organisms exhibit these characteristics, non-living things do not possess these essential qualities of life. It is important to note that there are some entities, such as viruses, that possess certain characteristics of living things but lack others, leading to ongoing debates about their classification.