Refining of crude oil - JSS2 Basic science Lesson Note

Refining of crude oil is the process of separating and converting the complex mixture of hydrocarbons found in crude oil into more valuable products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and various petrochemicals. This process involves several stages, including distillation, where crude oil is heated to separate it into different fractions based on their boiling points, and subsequent processes like cracking, reforming, and treating to further refine and modify these fractions into desired end products with specific properties and uses.