Sources of water supply - JSS3 Physical and health education Lesson Note

Surface Water: This includes water from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. It's collected through dams and diversion structures and treated to make it safe for drinking and other uses.

 

Groundwater: Water that's stored underground in aquifers. Wells are drilled to access this water, which is then pumped to the surface and treated before distribution.

 

Rainwater Harvesting: Collecting rainwater from roofs and other surfaces and storing it in tanks or cisterns for later use. This can supplement traditional water sources and reduce demand on municipal supplies.

 

Desalination: In areas with limited freshwater resources, seawater can be treated through desalination plants to remove salt and other impurities, producing freshwater for drinking and irrigation.

 

Wastewater Recycling: Also known as water reclamation or reuse, this involves treating wastewater from homes, businesses, and industries to a level where it can be safely reused for purposes like irrigation, industrial processes, and even drinking water in some cases.

 

Each method has its advantages and challenges, and a combination of these approaches is often used to ensure a reliable and sustainable water supply.