SPEECH WORK - Contrasting /f/ and /v/; /s/ and /z/ - JSS2 English language Lesson Note

Contrasting /f/ and /v/:
Consonant /f/:
Description: The sound /f/ is a voiceless fricative. The sound /f/ is produced by placing the upper teeth against the lower lip and forcing air out.
Production: To produce /f/, place your upper teeth against your lower lip, allowing air to flow continuously without vibration.
Examples of words with the /f/ sound include "fish," "fun," and "phone."
"Life": The initial sound in the word "life."
"Leaf": The initial sound in the word "leaf."
"File": The initial sound in the word "file."

Consonant /v/:
Description: /v/ is similar to /f/ but voiced, meaning that the vocal cords vibrate. The sound /v/ is a voiced fricative.
Production: To produce /v/, use the same position as for /f/, but this time, engage your vocal cords to create vibration.
Examples of words with the /v/ sound are "van," "very," and "love."
"Live": The initial sound in the word "live."
"Loaf": The initial sound in the word "loaf."
"Relieve": The initial sound in the word "relieve."

Contrasting /s/ and /z/:

1. Consonant /s/:
Description: The sound /s/ is a voiceless fricative. /s/ is produced by placing the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge and forcing air out.

Production: Place your tongue against the alveolar ridge (the bony ridge behind your upper front teeth) and allow air to flow continuously without vibration.
Examples of words with the /s/ sound are "sun," "sing," and "fast."
"See": The initial sound in the word "see."
"Sun": The initial sound in the word "sun."
"Miss": The initial sound in the word "miss."

2. Consonant /z/:
Description: The sound /z/ is a voiced fricative. /z/ is similar to /s/ but voiced, with the vocal cords vibrating.
Production: Use the same tongue position as for /s/, but engage your vocal cords to create vibration.
Examples of words with the /z/ sound include "zip," "zoo," and "prize."
"Zoo": The initial sound in the word "zoo."
"Buzz": The initial sound in the word "buzz."
"Rise": The initial sound in the word "rise."

/f/ and /v/ are both produced by the same mouth position, but /v/ is voiced while /f/ is not.
Similarly, /s/ and /z/ have the same mouth position, but /z/ is voiced while /s/ is not.