Structure Of The Teeth - SS1 Biology Lesson Note

Teeth have a complex structure that allows them to perform various functions, including biting, tearing, grinding, and chewing food. The main structures of a typical tooth include:

1.     Crown: The crown is the visible part of the tooth that protrudes above the gumline. It is covered by a hard, protective layer called enamel, which is the hardest substance in the human body. The shape of the crown varies depending on the tooth's location and function.

2.     Root: The root is the part of the tooth that extends below the gumline and anchors the tooth within the jawbone. The root is covered by a layer called cementum, which helps attach the tooth to the surrounding structures.

3.     Dentin: Dentin is the layer beneath the enamel and cementum. It makes up the bulk of the tooth structure and is a hard but slightly softer material than enamel. Dentin contains tiny channels called dentinal tubules that house nerve fibers, providing sensitivity to stimuli like temperature or pressure.

4.     Pulp: The pulp is the soft, innermost part of the tooth. It consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves. The pulp provides nourishment to the tooth during its development but is not essential for tooth survival in adulthood.

5.     Enamel: Enamel is the outermost layer of the crown and is composed of a dense, mineralized substance. It is highly resistant to wear and tear and protects the underlying dentin from decay and damage.

6.     Cementum: Cementum is a layer that covers the root of the tooth. It is not as hard as enamel but provides attachment for the tooth's periodontal ligament, which connects the tooth to the surrounding bone.

7.     Periodontal Ligament: The periodontal ligament is a network of connective tissue fibers that surround and attach the tooth root to the surrounding bone. It helps to support the tooth and acts as a shock absorber during biting and chewing.

8.     Gum (Gingiva): The gums, also known as gingiva, are the soft tissues that surround and protect the tooth roots and hold them in place.