Structure Review: Verbs and Adverbs - JSS3 English language Lesson Note
Structure Review: Verbs and Adverbs
Verbs
Definition:
Verbs are words that express actions, states, or occurrences. They are an essential part of a sentence, indicating what the subject is doing or what is happening.
Types of Verbs:
1. Action Verbs:
- Express physical or mental actions.
- Examples: run, jump, think, believe.
- Sentences:
- She runs every morning.
- They think deeply about the problem.
2. Linking Verbs:
Connect the subject with a subject complement (a word or phrase that describes the subject).
Examples: be (is, am, are, was, were), seem, become, appear.
- Sentences:
- She is a teacher.
- The soup tastes delicious.
3. Auxiliary Verbs (Helping Verbs):
Help the main verb express tense, mood, or voice.
Examples: have, has, had, do, does, did, will, shall, can, could, may, might.
Sentences:
- She has finished her homework.
- They will arrive tomorrow.
4. Modal Verbs:
- Express abilities, possibilities, permissions, or obligations.
- Examples: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must.
- Sentences:
- You must finish your assignment.
- She can speak three languages.
Verb Tenses:
1. Present Tense:
- Indicates actions happening now.
- Examples: I walk, she eats.
2. Past Tense:
Indicates actions that happened in the past.
- Examples: I walked, she ate.
3. Future Tense:
- Indicates actions that will happen in the future.
- Examples: I will walk, she will eat.
Adverbs
Definition:
Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They provide additional information about how, when, where, why, and to what extent something happens.
Types of Adverbs:
1. Adverbs of Manner:
- Describe how an action is performed.
- Examples: quickly, slowly, carefully.
- Sentences:
- She ran quickly.
- He spoke carefully.
2. Adverbs of Time:
- Describe when an action occurs.
- Examples: now, later, yesterday, tomorrow.
- Sentences:
- We will meet tomorrow.
- She arrived yesterday.
3. Adverbs of Place:
- Describe where an action occurs.
- Examples: here, there, everywhere.
- Sentences:
- He is standing there.
- She looked everywhere.
4. Adverbs of Frequency:
- Describe how often an action occurs.
- Examples: always, never, often, sometimes.
- Sentences:
- She always arrives early.
- They never give up.
5. Adverbs of Degree:
Describe the intensity or degree of an action, adjective, or another adverb.
Examples: very, quite, almost, too.
Sentences:
- She is very happy.
- He runs quite fast.