Techniques for Reducing Friction - JSS2 Basic technology Lesson Note

Reducing friction is essential in many applications to improve efficiency and reduce wear. Several techniques can be employed:

1. Lubrication: Applying lubricants like oil, grease, or graphite between surfaces reduces friction by creating a slippery layer that allows them to move smoothly.
2. Smoothing Surfaces: Polishing or smoothing the surfaces in contact can reduce the roughness and hence the friction between them.
3.  Using Wheels or Rollers: Rolling friction is usually less than sliding friction. Using wheels or rollers can significantly reduce the friction encountered in moving heavy objects.
4.  Ball Bearings: These are used in machinery to reduce friction between moving parts. The rolling action of the balls minimises the friction compared to sliding parts.
5.  Streamlining: Designing objects with streamlined shapes reduces air and water resistance, thereby reducing friction. This technique is commonly used in the design of vehicles and aircraft.