The keyboard - SS1 ICT Lesson Note

A keyboard is a device with an arrangement of buttons, or keys, that are used to input text and commands into a computer or other devices.

The keys are arranged in a specific layout, such as QWERTY, and often include various function keys, a numeric keypad, and special keys like Ctrl, Alt, and Shift.

 

Structure of a Keyboard

Source:(educba.com)

1. Keys: The primary components of a keyboard are the keys, each representing a different character, letter, number, symbol, or function. Keys are arranged in a specific layout, usually following the QWERTY layout for English-language keyboards.
2. Keycaps: Keycaps are the tops of the keys, often labeled with characters or symbols. They are usually made from plastic and can have various shapes and sizes.
3. Switches: Beneath each keycap, there is a switch mechanism. The type of switch used determines how a key responds when pressed. Mechanical keyboards use individual mechanical switches for each key, while membrane keyboards use a rubber dome or membrane-based technology.
4. Backplate: The backplate provides structural support for the keyboard and helps maintain key alignment.
5. Circuitry: Underneath the keys and switches, there is a circuit board that connects the keys to the computer or device. This circuitry registers key presses and sends the corresponding signals to the device.
6. Connector: Keyboards connect to computers using various connectors, such as USB, Bluetooth, or older connectors like PS/2.
7. Function Keys: Along the top of most keyboards, there are function keys (F1, F2, etc.) that have specific functions assigned to them, such as adjusting volume, brightness, and other system settings.

 

Function of a Keyboard:

The primary function of a keyboard is to input text and commands into a computer or device. Keyboards enable users to:

1. Type: Users can type letters, numbers, symbols, and special characters to create text documents, emails, messages, and more.
2. Execute Commands: Keyboards allow users to enter commands that perform various actions within software and operating systems, such as saving files, copying and pasting, opening applications, and navigating through menus.
3. Navigate: Keyboard shortcuts provide quick ways to navigate within applications, switch between open windows, and perform tasks without using the mouse.
4. Enter Data: Keyboards are used to input data into spreadsheets, databases, and other software applications.
5. Search: In search engines and various software applications, keyboards are used to input search queries and commands.
6. Gaming: In gaming, keyboards are used to control characters and interact with the game environment. Gaming keyboards often include customizable keys, RGB lighting, and additional features for gamers.

 

Types of Keyboards

These are some of the common types of keyboards available, each catering to different preferences and usage scenarios.

Source:(telegraph.co.uk)

1. Mechanical Keyboards: These keyboards use individual mechanical switches for each key. They offer tactile feedback, distinct keypress sounds, and various switch types with different actuation forces.
2. Membrane Keyboards: Membrane keyboards use a rubber dome or membrane layer to register key presses. They are often quieter and less expensive than mechanical keyboards.
3. Scissor Switch Keyboards: Commonly found in laptops, scissor switch keyboards use scissor-like mechanisms to provide a more stable and responsive typing experience.
4. Compact Keyboards: Compact keyboards have fewer keys and a smaller form factor. Examples include tenkeyless (TKL) keyboards that omit the numeric keypad.
5. Gaming Keyboards: Designed for gamers, these keyboards often have customizable RGB lighting, dedicated gaming mode features, and extra macro keys.
6. Ergonomic Keyboards: Ergonomic keyboards are designed to reduce strain and discomfort during extended typing sessions. They often have split or curved layouts.
7. Wireless Keyboards: These keyboards connect to devices via wireless technologies like Bluetooth, offering more flexibility and reduced cable clutter.
8. Virtual Keyboards: Virtual keyboards are software-based and appear on the screen, often used on touch devices where physical keyboards are not available.
9. Foldable Keyboards: These portable keyboards can be folded or rolled up for easy transport and storage.
10. Projection Keyboards: Projection keyboards use lasers or other technologies to project a keyboard layout onto a surface, allowing users to type without physical keys.