Livestock Production II (Continued) - JSS2 Agricultural science Past Questions and Answers - page 2

Farmers need to prioritise biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction and spread of diseases, such as controlling access to the farm, implementing quarantine protocols for new animals, and ensuring proper sanitation practices. Regular vaccination programs are essential to build immunity against common diseases. Maintaining accurate records of animal health and promptly addressing any signs of illness are crucial for early detection and treatment.

These include closely monitoring the estrus cycle of female animals to ensure optimal timing for mating or artificial insemination. Utilising advanced reproductive technologies, such as embryo transfer or in vitro fertilisation, can also help maximise breeding success. Additionally, selecting appropriate breeding stock based on desired traits and genetic diversity goals is essential for long-term breeding success and improving overall herd quality.

By selecting breeds that align with their production objectives, farmers can optimise resource utilisation and improve overall productivity. Additionally, promoting genetic diversity through the preservation of indigenous or heritage breeds helps maintain resilience against diseases and environmental challenges.

This includes providing adequate nutrition, clean water, and proper shelter to meet animals' physiological needs. Implementing rotational grazing systems and pasture management techniques optimises forage utilisation and reduces soil degradation. Regular health monitoring and disease prevention measures also play a crucial role in maintaining animal welfare and minimising production losses.

Visiting farms allows students to observe firsthand the implementation of management techniques, animal handling procedures, and environmental stewardship practices. Guest speakers, such as experienced farmers or agricultural experts, can share insights, case studies, and practical tips that complement classroom learning and provide a deeper understanding of the complexities of livestock farming.