Diseases of crops - SS2 Agriculture Past Questions and Answers - page 2
What is the primary cause of leaf rust in cereals?
Bacteria
Virus
Fungus
Nematode
Which legume is most commonly affected by rosette disease?
Soybeans
Chickpeas
Mung beans
Lentils
What type of spore masses form in the presence of smut disease?
White and fluffy
Black and powdery
Green and slimy
Yellow and sticky
What is the primary preventive measure for rice blast disease?
Planting early in the season
Using resistant rice varieties
Applying chemical fertilizers
Pruning infected leaves
Which of the following is NOT a common cereal affected by leaf rust?
Wheat
Corn
Barley
Oats
What are some common practices to manage diseases in major crops?
Common practices to manage diseases in major crops include selecting disease-resistant crop varieties, practicing crop rotation, maintaining plant hygiene (removing infected plant material), using fungicides or treatments when needed, and implementing proper pest control measures.
How does rosette disease impact peanut production, and how can it be controlled?
Rosette disease in peanuts can significantly reduce pod formation, leading to decreased yields. It is primarily transmitted by aphids. To control rosette disease, farmers can implement measures such as controlling aphid vectors through insecticides or natural predators and planting peanut varieties that are resistant to the disease.
What are the key symptoms of cercosporal leaf spot in legumes?
The key symptoms of cercosporal leaf spot in legumes include the development of small, circular, dark spots on the leaves. These spots may enlarge and merge, leading to reduced photosynthesis and overall plant health.
Why is early detection and monitoring important in managing crop diseases?
Early detection and monitoring are crucial in managing crop diseases because they allow for timely intervention. By identifying diseases at an early stage, farmers can implement control measures before the disease spreads extensively, minimizing crop damage and loss. This proactive approach helps maintain crop health and improve overall yields.
How does smut disease affect the overall health of cereal crops, and what measures can farmers take to mitigate its impact?
Smut disease affects cereal crops by forming black, powdery spore masses on the plant, which reduces grain yield and quality. To mitigate its impact, farmers can take measures such as using fungicides to control the disease, selecting smut-resistant crop varieties, and practicing crop rotation to reduce the pathogen's presence in the soil. Proper sanitation, such as removing infected plant material, can also help prevent the spread of smut.