Describe the characteristics and life cycle of ... - SS1 Physics Space Physics and Astronomy Question

Stars are luminous celestial bodies that are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium gas. They form from large clouds of gas and dust called nebulae. The force of gravity causes the nebula to contract and form a dense core, leading to the ignition of nuclear fusion, where hydrogen atoms fuse to form helium and release vast amounts of energy. This energy creates the light and heat emitted by stars. Throughout their lifecycle, stars go through different stages based on their mass, from the main sequence to red giant, supernova, and either white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole, depending on their mass. The exact fate of a star depends on its initial mass.