Question on: JAMB Biology - 2001

The image shows a vertebra with features characteristic of a thoracic vertebra. Here's why:

• Thoracic vertebrae are located in the chest region and articulate with the ribs. Key features include:
  • Presence of facets or demifacets for articulation with the ribs.
  • A heart-shaped vertebral body.
  • A long, downward-sloping spinous process.

Let's look at the incorrect options:

• A. Caudal vertebra: These are tail vertebrae, not found in the image.
• B. Lumbar vertebra: Lumbar vertebrae are in the lower back and have large, kidney-shaped bodies and a short, blunt spinous process.
• D. Cervical vertebra: Cervical vertebrae are

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