Figure of speech - JSS2 English language Lesson Note

Simile: A comparison between two unlike things using “like” or “as.” Example: “Her smile was as bright as the sun.”
Metaphor: A direct comparison without using “like” or “as.” Example: “Life is a journey.”
Personification: Giving human qualities to non-human objects or animals. Example: “The wind whispered through the trees.”
Hyperbole: Exaggeration for emphasis. Example: “I’ve told you a million times!”
Alliteration: Repetition of initial consonant sounds. Example: “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.”
Onomatopoeia: Words that imitate sounds. Example: “Buzz,” “crash,” “meow.”
Oxymoron: Contradictory terms placed together. Example: “Bittersweet,” “jumbo shrimp.”
Irony: A situation where the opposite of what’s expected occurs. Example: “The fire station burned down.”
Euphemism: A mild or indirect expression to replace a harsh one. Example: “Passed away” instead of “died.”
Anaphora: Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive sentences. Example: “I have a dream…”
Epiphora: Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive sentences. Example: “Love is patient, love is kind.”
Antithesis: Contrasting ideas within a sentence. Example: “To err is human; to forgive, divine.”
Chiasmus: Reversal of word order in parallel phrases. Example: “Fair is foul, and foul is fair.”
Litotes: Understatement by negating the opposite. Example: “Not bad” instead of “good.”
Synecdoche: Using a part to represent the whole. Example: “All hands on deck.”
Metonymy: Substituting one word with another closely related word. Example: “The White House issued a statement.”
Apostrophe: Addressing an absent or imaginary person or thing. Example: “O, Romeo, wherefore art thou?”
Cliché: Overused expression. Example: “Time heals all wounds.”
Pun: Play on words with multiple meanings. Example: “I used to be a baker, but I couldn’t make enough dough.”
Paradox: A seemingly contradictory statement that reveals deeper truth. Example: “Less is more.”