Meaning and Origin of Consumerism - JSS2 Business studies Lesson Note

Consumerism refers to the social and economic ideology that emphasizes the acquisition and consumption of goods and services as a primary driver of individual happiness, social status, and economic prosperity. It originated in the 20th century, particularly in Western industrialized societies, as a response to increased mass production, advertising, and material abundance.

Consumerism is rooted in the belief that continual consumption leads to personal fulfillment and societal progress. It encourages individuals to define their identities and worth through their possessions, leading to a culture of materialism and conspicuous consumption.

The rise of consumerism can be attributed to several factors, including:

• Industrialization: The shift from agrarian economies to industrialized economies led to increased production capabilities and the mass production of goods, making consumer goods more accessible and affordable to the general population.
• Advertising and Marketing: The emergence of modern advertising and marketing techniques enabled businesses to promote their products and create consumer desires through persuasive messaging, branding, and consumer culture.
• Technological Advances: Technological innovations, such as mass production techniques, transportation networks, and communication technologies, facilitated the global spread of consumerism and the exchange of goods and ideas.
• Social and Cultural Shifts: Changing social norms, values, and lifestyles, including urbanization, individualism, and the decline of traditional community structures.