2020 - JAMB Biology Past Questions and Answers - page 2

An ecosystem consists of all the biotic and abiotic factors that influence that community.

Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem. These are obtained from the biosphere and are capable of reproduction. Examples of biotic factors are animals, birds, plants, fungi, and other similar organisms.

In biology and ecology, abiotic components or abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena associated with them underpin biology as a whole. 

Wikipedia

Common abiotic factors include atmosphere, chemical elements, sunlight/temperature, wind and water, all other options are instruments used to measure these apart from a microscope which can be used to observe small objects, even cells.

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Wikipedia

The body normally destroys old or faulty red blood cells in the spleen or other parts of your body through a process called hemolysis

Hemolysis is the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of haemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma.

The waste products of a plant are water vapour, carbon dioxide and oxygen.

The thoracic spine is the second segment of the vertebral column, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebral segments. It consists of twelve vertebrae, which are separated by intervertebral discs. Along with the sternum and ribs, the thoracic spine forms part of the thoracic cage.

Via teachmeanatomy

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Nephridia dispose metabolic wastes from an animal's body. There are two categories of Nephridia, namely metanephridia and protonephridia.

At the early stages of their life, amphibians utilize gills for breathing. As they mature, they develop primitive lungs; additionally, they are able to breathe through their skin.

The cerebellum is a part of the brain that plays a vital role in virtually all physical movement. This part of the brain helps a person drive, throw a ball, or walk across the room. The cerebellum also assists people with eye movement and vision.

medicalnewstoday