2020 - JAMB Biology Past Questions and Answers - page 2
What is the term used to describe biotic and abiotic factors in the environment of the organism?
habitat
biome
ecosystem
ecological niche
An ecosystem consists of all the biotic and abiotic factors that influence that community.
Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem. These are obtained from the biosphere and are capable of reproduction. Examples of biotic factors are animals, birds, plants, fungi, and other similar organisms.
Which of the following instruments is NOT used in measuring abiotic factors in any habitat?
microscope
A. windvane
B. thermometer
C. hygrometer
In biology and ecology, abiotic components or abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena associated with them underpin biology as a whole.
Common abiotic factors include atmosphere, chemical elements, sunlight/temperature, wind and water, all other options are instruments used to measure these apart from a microscope which can be used to observe small objects, even cells.
The smallest living organisms which share the characteristics of both living and non-living matter are
bacteria
fungi
viruses
protozoa
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Wikipedia
The process by which a red blood cell placed in distilled water absorbs water until it burst and realease it's content into the surrounding is known as
osmosis
plasmolysis
turgidity
hemolysis
The body normally destroys old or faulty red blood cells in the spleen or other parts of your body through a process called hemolysis
Hemolysis is the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of haemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma.
Which of the following waste products in plants is excreted through the stomata and lenticles?
carbon dioxide
alkaloids
tannins
anthoocyanins
The waste products of a plant are water vapour, carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Use the diagram to answer the question
The vertebra illustrated is
lumber
thoracic
caudal
cervical
The thoracic spine is the second segment of the vertebral column, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebral segments. It consists of twelve vertebrae, which are separated by intervertebral discs. Along with the sternum and ribs, the thoracic spine forms part of the thoracic cage.
Via teachmeanatomy
Use the diagram to answer the question
The neural arch is labelled
i
ii
iii
iv
The excretory structure in the earthworm is the
malphighian tubule
flame cell
nephridium
kidney
Nephridia dispose metabolic wastes from an animal's body. There are two categories of Nephridia, namely metanephridia and protonephridia.
In which of the following vertebrates does the skin function as a respiratory surface
rat
lizard
fish
frog
At the early stages of their life, amphibians utilize gills for breathing. As they mature, they develop primitive lungs; additionally, they are able to breathe through their skin.
The process of walking is under the control of the part of the brain called
optic lobe
olfactory lobe
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
The cerebellum is a part of the brain that plays a vital role in virtually all physical movement. This part of the brain helps a person drive, throw a ball, or walk across the room. The cerebellum also assists people with eye movement and vision.