2001 - JAMB Government Past Questions and Answers - page 2

One of the advantages of a bicameral over a unicameral legislature is that it prevents the passage of ill-considered bills.

According to J.C. Anyaele (1991) the second Chamber checks and prevents hasty and ill-considered passage of bills as done in unicameral

The fundamental rights of citizens include rights to life,speech and association.

J. U. Anyaele (1991) enumerated some rights such as:

1. Right to life which no body shall intentionally deprive a citizen.

2. Right to peaceful assembly and association.

3. Right to freedom of expression and press.

The manipulation of boundaries of constituencies in order to win more seats is called gerrymandering.

According to Ofoegbu (1999) Gerry-mandering constituencies is the process of deliminating constituencies to favour a particular political party or candidate in the election.

One argument against a mult-party system is the high cost of conducting election. It is very expensive in both men and materials.

It should be noted that encouragement of opposition and instability is also correct. The unhealthy rivalry, frequent political re-alignment and coalition make government of a country to be weak and unstable.

Associational interest groups are organized to further the interests of members.


This is so as Pressure Groups are defined as organizations or associations of people who seek to influence government policies and actions and people in authority positions to the benefit of their members.


It could also be defined as an organized social interest group formed with the main aim of pursuing its interest and influencing government policies to the benefits of its members.

Public opinion is a view that is held by the majority. As far as public opinion is concerned, the view must be held and expressed by the majority of the society.

According to G. A. I. Ofoegbu (1999), public opinion is the believes, values and attitudes which are commonly held and expressed by majority of the people on a given issue.

The political neutrality of civil servants implies that they are not allowed to be involved in partisan politics.


Political Neutrality is one of the main characteristics of Civil Service. This means that civil servants are not involved in partisan politics. They are there to serve any government that comes into power .

The idea of making the civil service permanent, neutral and anonymous is to enhance efficiency in administration.

When a civil servant is made to enjoy secured appointment, he must definitely stand good chance to have good measure of expert knowledge and intelligence. When he is not neutral, his political views will definitely interfere with his official work. This will eventually create no conducive atmosphere for efficiency.

The Western zone of the Sokoto caliphate was administered from Gwandu -Othman Dan Fodio divied the Fulami empire into two- the Eastern and Western sections. The Eastern and Western sections. The Eastern section included Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Bauchi,Gombe and Yola with Sokoto as its capital while Ilorin, Kontagoro and Argungu with Gwandu as its capital were included in the Western section.