Livestock Breeding and Reproduction - JSS3 Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers - page 2
What is the advantage of artificial insemination?
Uncontrolled breeding
Disease transmission
Controlled breeding
Limited genetic selection
Which breeding technique involves genetic selection based on desirable traits?
Natural breeding
Artificial insemination
Embryo transfer
Selective breeding
What role does the vagina play in reproduction?
Producing eggs
Storing and maturing sperm
Transporting eggs to the uterus
Passage for mating and childbirth
What is the function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?
Sperm production
Egg production
Testosterone secretion
Fertilisation
Which breeding technique involves transferring embryos to surrogates for gestation?
Natural breeding
Artificial insemination
Embryo transfer
Selective breeding
What is the primary objective of livestock breeding?
Livestock breeding primarily aims to enhance desirable traits in offspring, such as productivity, disease resistance, and overall performance. Through careful selection of breeding animals, farmers strive to improve genetic traits over successive generations, leading to better-quality livestock and increased farm productivity.
How does the estrous cycle regulate reproductive processes in female mammals?
The estrous cycle, consisting of heat (estrus) and non-heat phases, regulates the timing of mating and conception in female mammals. During estrus, females are receptive to mating, facilitating fertilisation. Understanding and managing the estrous cycle is essential for effective breeding and reproductive success in livestock farming.
What are the main reproductive organs in the male and female reproductive systems?
In the male reproductive system, the primary organs are the testes, epididymis, and accessory glands. The testes produce sperm, which is stored and matured in the epididymis before being transported to the female reproductive tract during mating. Accessory glands produce fluids that contribute to semen. In the female reproductive system, the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina are key organs. The ovaries produce eggs, which are transported through the fallopian tubes to the uterus for implantation and foetal development. The vagina serves as the passage for mating and childbirth.
What are the different breeding techniques used in livestock farming?
Livestock breeding techniques include natural breeding, artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer (ET), and selective breeding. Natural breeding involves allowing animals to mate naturally, while AI involves the introduction of semen collected from male animals into females to facilitate controlled breeding.
How does artificial insemination benefit livestock breeding?
Artificial insemination offers several advantages in livestock breeding, including controlled breeding, wider genetic selection, and disease control. It enables farmers to use semen from genetically superior males, even if they are not physically present on the farm. Additionally, AI reduces the risk of disease transmission compared to natural mating, leading to improved reproductive outcomes and enhanced genetic progress in livestock populations.