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Atomic Structure and Radioactivity - SS1 Physics Past Questions and Answers - page 4

31

Discuss the limitations of the Bohr Model and the development of Quantum Mechanics. 

The Bohr Model of the atom has certain limitations. It does not account for the wave-particle duality of electrons and cannot explain phenomena like electron diffraction and the uncertainty principle. To overcome these limitations, the development of Quantum Mechanics was necessary. Quantum Mechanics, based on the principles of wave-particle duality, treats electrons as waves of probability. It describes the behaviour of electrons using mathematical equations, such as the Schrödinger equation, which provides information about the electron's position, energy, and orbital shapes. Quantum Mechanics provides a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of atomic structure and electron behaviour.

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32

Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of:

A

Electrons

 

B

Protons

 

C

Alpha particles

 

D

Neutrons

correct option: c
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33

The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle is known as:

A

Alpha decay

 

B

Beta decay

 

C

Gamma decay

 

D

Nuclear fission

correct option: a
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34

The half-life of a radioactive substance is defined as the time it takes for:

A

Half of the substance to decay

 

B

All of the substance to decay

 

 

C

One-fourth of the substance to decay

 

D

None of the above

correct option: a
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35

Beta decay involves the emission of:

A

Protons

 

B

Electrons

 

C

Neutrons

 

 

D

Alpha particles

correct option: b
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36

Gamma radiation is:

A

A stream of protons

 

B

A stream of electrons

 

 

C

High-energy electromagnetic radiation

 

D

The emission of alpha particles

correct option: c
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37

The process in which a heavy nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is called:

A

Alpha decay

 

 

B

Beta decay

 

C

Gamma decay

 

D

Nuclear fission

correct option: d
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38

The decay of a radioactive substance follows a:

A

Linear pattern

 

 

B

Exponential pattern

 

C

Logarithmic pattern

 

D

Random pattern

correct option: b
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39

Radioactive isotopes are used in:

A

Medical imaging

 

B

Power generation

 

C

Carbon dating

 

D

All of the above

correct option: d
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40

The unit used to measure the amount of radioactivity is:

A

Watt

 

B

Coulomb

 

C

Becquerel

 

D

Ampere

correct option: c
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