Light And Optics - SS1 Physics Past Questions and Answers - page 4

A compound microscope works on the principle of the combination of lenses to magnify small objects. It consists of two main lenses: the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. The objective lens, which is closer to the specimen, forms a magnified and inverted image of the object.

This image is then further magnified by the eyepiece lens, which is positioned close to the eye of the viewer. The final image is virtual, upright, and highly magnified. The compound microscope uses a light source, typically located at the base, to illuminate the specimen, and the lenses in the microscope system work together to focus the light and form a magnified image.

A refracting telescope and a reflecting telescope are two types of telescopes used to observe distant celestial objects.

• Refracting Telescope: A refracting telescope uses a combination of lenses to gather and focus light. It has an objective lens at the front that collects light and forms an image, which is then magnified by the eyepiece lens. 

• Reflecting Telescope: A reflecting telescope, uses a combination of mirrors to gather and focus light. It has a concave primary mirror that collects and reflects light to form an image. This image is then magnified by an eyepiece or secondary mirror.