Internet - SS2 ICT Past Questions and Answers - page 2

Cloud computing is a technology that involves delivering computing resources, such as storage, processing power, and software, over the internet. Instead of relying solely on local hardware and software, users can access and use these resources remotely through the cloud. Advantages of cloud computing include scalability (resources can be easily scaled up or down), cost-effectiveness (users pay for what they use), accessibility (resources can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection), and reduced need for physical infrastructure.

A router is a device that connects different networks together and directs data packets between them. It acts as a traffic cop, ensuring that data packets take the most efficient path to reach their destination. Routers also perform Network Address Translation (NAT), allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP address. For internet connectivity, a router connects a local network to the internet, assigning local IP addresses to devices within the network and managing the communication between devices and the wider internet.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for transferring data between a web server and a browser. It is not secure, meaning data exchanged can be intercepted by malicious actors. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), on the other hand, uses encryption to secure data transmission. It employs SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocols to ensure that data exchanged between the user's browser and the web server remains confidential and cannot be easily intercepted or tampered with.

A search engine is a web service that helps users find information on the internet by indexing and categorizing web pages. Search engines use web crawlers to scan and index the content of websites. When a user enters a query, the search engine's algorithms analyze the indexed information and display relevant search results. The results are ranked based on factors like relevance, popularity, and quality. Search engines make it easier for users to find specific information from the vast amount of content available on the web.

Social media platforms have revolutionized communication by providing a space for users to create, share, and interact with content in real time. They enable individuals to connect with friends, family, and people around the world, fostering virtual communities. Social media has democratized information dissemination, allowing users to express their opinions, share news, and engage in discussions on a global scale. It has also transformed marketing, activism, and the way businesses interact with customers.