2023 - JAMB Biology Past Questions and Answers - page 2

The processes involved in nutrient cycling in a functioning ecosystem include Nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and ammonification.

These processes are part of the nitrogen cycle, which is a crucial aspect of nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

The eye defect caused by the inability of the eye to focus light on the retina is Myopia. Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, occurs when distant objects appear blurry because the light entering the eye is focused in front of the retina rather than directly on it.

Carbohydrates are correctly classified as Macronutrients. Macronutrients are nutrients that are required by the body in relatively large amounts, and they include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Organs that are part of the alimentary canal in the human digestive system include the Oesophagus, pancreas, and small intestine.

The alimentary canal, also known as the digestive tract, is a long tube that extends from the mouth to the anus and includes organs where digestion and absorption of nutrients take place.

The correct statement about viruses is: Viruses require a host cell to replicate.

Viruses lack the cellular machinery necessary for metabolic processes and reproduction, so they rely on a host cell to replicate and multiply.

Population ecology focuses on understanding the factors that influence the size and dynamics of populations, including factors such as birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration.

The correct hierarchical organization of life from the smallest to the largest scale is: Cells, tissues, organs, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems. This represents the structural levels of biological organization.

Laterite soil becomes less fertile due to the intense leaching caused by tropical rains.

Leaching is the process where minerals are washed out of the soil by water, and in tropical regions with heavy rainfall, it can lead to the depletion of nutrients in the laterite soil, making it less fertile.

Different organisms have specific temperature ranges within which they can thrive, and temperature plays a crucial role in determining the types of organisms that can inhabit a particular environment.

Cell growth involves an increase in size and mass, and this growth is often accompanied by cell division, where a cell divides into two daughter cells.