2009 - JAMB Government Past Questions and Answers - page 4

The Committee that scrutinizes budget proposals in the legislature is the Appropriation Committee.

Democracy is a system of government that is constituted by the will of the majority of the citizens.

It could also be defined as government in accordance with the principles of popular sovereignty, political equality, popular consultation and majority rule. One of the characteristics of democracy is that all government actions must be open to criticisms and must be according to the decisions, wishes and aspirations of majority of the people.

Collective ownership of property is associated with Communism .

It should be noted that Communism is a social system where the means of production, distribution and exchange are completely owned and managed by the State. The economy is operated centrally and individuals have little or no opportunity for private enterprises.

The agency responsible for investigating allegations of maladministration in civil service is Code of Conduct Bureau.

The Bureau has also the power to receive complaints about non-compliance with or breach of provisions of the Code of Conduct or any Law in relation thereto investigate the complaint and where appropriate, refer such matters to the Code of Conduct Tribunal.

A political entity that possesses independence is a state.

The state must posses supreme authority within its territory. It must be independent of any foreign control.

Constitutionalism is the principle that advocates strict adherence to fundamental laws of a country.

This is so when it is well noted that constitutionalism is defined as the principle which maintains that those who govern the society should do so in accordance with the laws of the land. It also means that those who rule the society should follow the stipulations of the constitution strictly.

One advantage of the unitary system over Federal System is cost effectiveness. It reduces the cost of running the country. This is because few hands are involved in government.

Registration of political parties is a duty of an electoral commission.

Other functions of Electoral Commission are as follows:

a. Division of the country into Constituencies.

b. Registration of voters

c. Determines the type of voting

d. Building of polling booths

e. Provision of Election materials

f. Display and Revision of Voter's Lists

g. Appointment and training of electoral officers

h. Registration of candidates of election

i. Conduct of elections

j. Counting of votes

k. Publishing of election results

l. Enlightens and educates the voters

m. Provision of protection to voters and officials.

n. Disbursement of grants

o. Sees about auditing of accounts.

Aristocracy is a form of government in which the nobles rule for the benefit of all.

This form of government was advocated by some Greek philosophers like Aristotle and Plato who argued that true democracy will depend on the type of citizens a country with wise and just citizens likely to produce good citizens. For this reason, they believed that a country should be governed by the best citizens.

Fascism as an ideology facilitates Totalitarianism. It is an Italian version of totalitarianism which grew up in Italy under Benito Mussolini