2007 - JAMB Government Past Questions and Answers - page 5

The principle of federal character was first enunciated in the 1979 Constitution.

This stands to reason that the appointments of government personnel into any Federal establishment or agency or as a minister is to be done to reflect the federal Character. This means that appointments should spread across the entire country.

The Constitution:
The Federal Character Commission to have a Chairman and one person to represent each of the states and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

The Responsibility of the Commission:
To work out equitable formula which should be subject to approval by the National Assembly for the distribution of all cadres of posts in the Public Services of the federation and the states, armed forces, the police and other relevant government organizations.

The Privy Council was the final Court of Appeal in during the colonial era.

It should be recalled that one of the major weaknesses of Independence Constitution of 1960 was that the Supreme Court was not the court of last resort as it it today. Instead the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in Britain continued to act as the highest Court of Appeal for Nigeria

The Native Authority system of local administration was introduced by the British in Nigeria to Empower Traditional Rulers.

This power given to the traditional rulers helped to achieve such objectives as:

This power given to the traditional rulers helped to achieve such objectives as:

1. Facilitating administration

2. Facilitating tax collection

3. Maintenance of law and order.

4. Introduction of Western Education

5. Maintenance of political stability, etc.

Emancipation of the Masses was the major objective of the manifesto of the People's Redemption Party in the second Republic.

P.R.P. was founded by Late Mallam Aminu Kano on the 21st of October 1978.
The Aims and objectives were as follows:

1. To liberate the people from the subjugation of the super powers.

2. To identify the basic factors of Modern Nigerian Life.

Infact the P.R.P. was Mass Party which was out to improve the lots of the poor, the isolated as well as village dwellers.

Mallam Aminu Kano was the Chairman of the National Executive Committee. He was also the party's. P.R.P. Presidential Aspirant during the 1979 Presidential Elections.

The privatization of public corporations in Nigeria is undertaken by the Bureau of Public Enterprise

The main goal of the NNDP was to agitate for Nigeria's independence.

It should be recalled that another aim of NNDP was to cooperate with and work hand in hand with the National Congress for British West Africa (NCBWA). One of the major aims of this National Congress of British West Africa was to achieve political Independence for British West Africa.

The Structural Adjustment Programme was introduced by the Babangida Regime.

The aim was to revamp the ailing economy of Nigeria.

The Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) came into effect on Friday, 27th June 1986. That was after Nigeria declared a state of economic emergency in October 1985.

Implementation of SAP:
Some of the ways are follows:

1. Devaluation of naria.

2. Privatization of Government enterprises

3. Rescheduling of external debts

4. Establishment of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) and the Directorate of Foods, Roads and Rural Infrastructure (DFRRI)

5. Withdrawal of subsidies from petroleum products

6. Promotion of domestic production of goods

7. Deregulation of interest rates

8. Export Promotion

9. Civil Service Reforms

Aims and Objectives of SAP

1. Reduction of oil-dependency

2. Reduce Imports

3. Diversify the productive base

4. Reduce the burden on debt

5. Foster non-inflationary growth

6. To secure more realistic exchange rate for naira

7. To increase employment opportunities.

The Ogboni cult in the pre-colonial Yoruba political system played the role of the Judiciary.

The Ogboni was the third organ of government of old Oyo Empire. It was a secret society, made up of prominent diviners and headed by the Oluwo. One of their constitutional functions was to check the excesses of the Oyemesi, such as the rejection of an Alaafiri. It was also its duty to mediate between the Alaafiri and the Oyemesi. The Ogboni performed judicial functions especially on cases involving spilling of blood.

Humphrey Nwosu was the head of the electoral body that conducted the June 12 1993 elections.

Two political parties were set up by Babangida administration

1. The Social Democratic Party (SDP) and

2. The National Republican Convention (NRC). A set of elections were held to fill all officers at the local and state government levels. After series of delays, Ibrahim Babangida agreed at last to hold the Presidential election on June 12, 1993, the election was widely believed to have been won by Chief MKO Abiola of SDP. On June 23, the Babangida administration annulled the election, that is the Presidential Election results were fully announced by the NEC Chairman, Humphrey Nwosu.

Deregulation as an economic policy borders on the removal of restrictions and extension of competition