Food, Nutrition, and Health - JSS1 Physical and Health Education Past Questions and Answers - page 2

Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, and they play a vital role in the production of enzymes and hormones.

Fats and oils provide a concentrated source of energy, help absorb fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), and are crucial for cell membrane structure and hormone production.

Calcium is important for bone formation and maintenance, and good sources include dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.

Water is essential for digestion, nutrient absorption, waste elimination, temperature regulation, and maintaining fluid balance.

Vitamin C helps boost the immune system, aids in the repair of tissues, and enhances iron absorption. It is also an antioxidant that protects cells from damage.

Foods high in iron include red meat, poultry, fish, lentils, and spinach. Iron is crucial for the formation of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood.

Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. Carbohydrate-rich foods include grains (wheat, rice, oats), vegetables (potatoes, corn), fruits (bananas, apples), and legumes (beans, lentils).

Vitamin D can be obtained from sunlight exposure, fortified milk, and fatty fish. It is essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth, supporting the immune system, and regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood.